Polite requests, formal introductions, and courtesy phrases.
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Извинете, господине.
Excuse me, sir. (-е ending is the vocative — used for direct address.)
Извинете, госпожице.
Excuse me, miss.
Можеш ли да ми подадеш водата?
Can you pass me the water? (по- + дам ('give') = подам ('hand/pass over').)
Можеш ли да ми подадеш солта?
Can you pass me the salt?
Имаш ли нещо против да ми помогнеш?
Would you mind helping me? (Literally 'do-you-have something against'.)
Бих искал чаша вода. / Бих искала чаша вода.
I'd like a glass of water. (бих + past participle = conditional 'would'.)
Можеш ли да ми направиш снимка?
Could you take a picture for me? (Literally 'make a picture'.)
Мисля, че не сме се запознавали. Казвам се…
I don't think we've met. My name is… (запознавам се — reflexive 'get acquainted'.)
Искам да ти представя един приятел.
I'd like to introduce a friend to you. (един ('one') often works as 'a/an' for emphasis.)
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