Essential everyday greetings, farewells, and courtesy phrases.
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Hi! / Hello. ('Moi' is the most casual; 'hei' works for everyone.)
Moi! / Hei.
Good morning. (Short for 'hyvää huomenta' — literally 'good morning'.)
Huomenta.
How are you? (Literally 'what is heard?' — the standard greeting question.)
Mitä kuuluu?
Good, thanks! And you? (Literally 'and to you?' — the answer mirrors the 'what is heard to you' structure.)
Hyvää, kiitos! Entä sinulle?
Good evening, everyone! ('Kaikille' = 'to everyone' — the -lle ending means 'to'.)
Hyvää iltaa kaikille!
Good night, darling. ('Kulta' literally means 'gold' — used like 'honey/darling'.)
Hyvää yötä, kulta.
What's your name? (Literally 'what your name is?' — 'nimesi' = 'your name' (the -si ending = 'your').)
Mikä sinun nimesi on?
My name is Alex. And yours? ('Nimeni' = 'my name' (-ni = 'my').)
Minun nimeni on Alex. Entä sinun?
Sorry, I didn't understand. ('En' = 'I don't/didn't' — negation is its own conjugated word in Finnish.)
Anteeksi, en ymmärtänyt.
Excuse me. (Same word covers 'sorry', 'excuse me', and 'pardon'.)
Anteeksi.
Please. (Finnish has no direct 'please' — 'kiitos' (thanks) is added to requests, 'ole hyvä' (literally 'be good') means 'here you go'.)
Ole hyvä. / Kiitos.
Thanks for your help. ('Avusta' = 'from/for help' — the -sta ending often means 'from/about'.)
Kiitos avusta.
You're welcome. ('Eipä kestä' literally 'doesn't last' — i.e. 'no big deal'.)
Ole hyvä. / Eipä kestä.
Nice to meet you! (Literally 'fun to meet' — no pronouns needed.)
Hauska tavata!
Bye! / See you! ('Nähdään' literally 'we will be seen' — passive form used as 'see you'.)
Hei hei! / Nähdään!
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